ReasonJun

Ethereum-Waffle is a testing framework for Ethereum smart contracts. It is designed to be easy to use and to provide a comprehensive set of features for testing smart contracts. Waffle provides the following features: A simple and intuitive API for writing tests Support for all of the Solidity features A built-in mocking framework A built-in snapshotting framework A built-in coverage reporting f..

The ethers.constants.AddressZero constant is a special address that represents the null address. This address is used to represent the address of the contract that is creating tokens. The null address is a special address that is not associated with any account. It is used to represent the absence of an address. For example, if a token is transferred to the null address, the token is effectively..

ethers.utils.parseUnits() is a utility function provided by the ethers.js library, which is commonly used for Ethereum development. This function is used to convert a decimal number into its equivalent representation in a specific Ethereum denomination, typically in Wei. In Ethereum, the smallest unit of Ether is Wei. 1 Ether is equal to 10^18 Wei. So, when working with Ether values, it's common..

Hardhat-gas-reporter is a plugin for the Hardhat testing framework that can be used to measure the gas usage of Solidity smart contracts. Gas is a unit of measurement for the computational effort required to execute specific operations on the Ethereum blockchain. By measuring the gas usage of a smart contract, developers can identify areas of the code that are consuming a lot of gas and make cha..

Solidity-coverage is a tool that can be used to measure the code coverage of Solidity smart contracts. Code coverage is a measure of how much of the code in a program has been executed. This can be used to identify areas of the code that are not being tested, and to improve the quality of the test suite. Solidity-coverage works by instrumenting the Solidity code with coverage probes. These probe..

import { ethers } from "hardhat"; const contractAddress = "0x5FbDB2315678afecb367f032d93F642f64180aa3"; async function purchase(amount: number) { const VendingMachine = await ethers.getContractFactory("VendingMachine"); const vendingMachine = await VendingMachine.attach(contractAddress); const topic = [vendingMachine.filters.Purchase().topics!].toString(); const filter = { address: contractAddre..